What is the Advantage and Disadvantage of pharmaceutical water system

Below, we summarize the pros and cons of using a water filtration system. After evaluating it, you may figure out whether you need a filtration system in your application or industry.

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The benefits of a water filtration system

Industrial manufacturing normally requires purification and disinfection for final products, which can be achieved by filtration. However, the function and benefits of filtration are more than that.

• Reduction of suspended solids

Most industrial water filtration system is used to remove the concentration of suspended solid and turbidity from the source water.

It is especially useful in industries such as food & beverage, pulp & paper, and oil & gas, which contain high levels of suspended solids in liquids. By adopting a filtration system, the handling efficiency could be progressed.

• Reduction of other contaminants

By selecting the corresponding micron rating, the filtration performance and the impurities that can be removed are different. The metals, bacteria, viruses, microorganism, iron, manganese, and other contaminants are able to be trapped in a filtration system.

To remove particular contaminants, you only need to choose the filter element with appropriate pore sizes, and the required liquids can be collected after filtration.

You can even filter liquids continuously by using a duplex bag filtration system, which can provide 24/7 filtration with one bag operating and maintenance for another bag filter.

• Convenient installation and operation

The filtration system always has a compact and proper design for less footprints. More than that, the whole system is generally easy and convenient for end users to assemble. The simple installation guarantees less time wasted on it and makes it easy to clean and disassemble.

• Long term cost efficient

It is expensive for the initial investment in a water filtration system. You need to pay for the whole filtration equipment at the beginning.

However, if you think about the cost in a long-term perspective, you will surprisingly find out that the total costs can be reduced by utilizing the filtration system. And efficient filtration can effectively protect the downstream machines, and accordingly, reduce the maintenance costs.

So, in a long term, the total cost is lower than not using a filtration system.

The drawbacks of water filtration system

Using water filtration system is not fully advantageous, there are surely disadvantages of the water filtration system.

• High initial investment

As we mentioned above, the filtration system costs a lot at the beginning, the initial investment is relatively high due to the whole system equipment which includes vessels, cartridges, and the set.

The installation space, the shutdown, and adjustment time are all included in the loss. At the same time, staffs need to spend time and energy to learn how to correctly control and operate the system.

There are maybe some needful substances in water such as beneficial mineral substance in drinkable water, but due to the filtration process, those substances would be removed together with the undesired contaminants.

And you can not separate the substances you want from what you don’t need through filtration. The process just simply filters out every particle that can be removed.

Conclusion

The filtration system has outstanding advantages, but at the same time, it has some unavoidable disadvantages. After all, nothing is perfect. However, it is obvious that the pros of the filtration system overweight the cons. It is a wise choice to apply a filtration system in your plants or production lines.

Brother Filtration is a leading pioneer in the filtration field, designs and manufactures all kinds of filter products. We have a duplex bag filtration system and FRP skid, which are both suitable for various industries with large dirt-holding capacity. If you are interested in the water filtration system, please feel free to contact us.

In many water and wastewater treatment applications, there are a number of pollutants that are difficult to reduce by physical, chemical, or biological means alone. In more recent years, there has been a growing concern regarding pharmaceutical drugs in drinking water and aquatic environments. Pesticides get caught in runoff from farms into freshwater supplies. Personal care products are typically washed down the drain into whatever system they are linked to. Landfill leachate is a toxic cocktail of compounds that can leak into groundwater sources. Such contaminants fall into the category of micropollutants, because they are so small. Their size alone is part of the reason, they are so difficult to remove from water and wastewater by certain means. More efficient removal requires a more powerful oxidation process, this process is called an advanced oxidation process (AOP).

This process creates powerful oxidizing agents in the form of hydroxide (OH–), but more specifically, its neutral variant the hydroxyl radical (⦁OH). Its oxidation potential is twice that of chlorine, a commonly used disinfectant. Hydroxyl radicals are the driving forces behind many advanced oxidation processes. Ozone (O3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ultraviolet light (UV) are often used in various combinations to produce ⦁OH in sufficient quantities to degrade organic (and some inorganic) pollutants. This process can reduce these pollutant concentrations, potentially from hundreds of parts per million (ppm) to just a few parts per billion (ppb).

These radicals are non-selective, therefore, they attack almost all organic materials. After these contaminants are broken down once by the ⦁OH radical they form intermediates. Those intermediates themselves react with the oxidants and mineralize into stable compounds.

Advanced oxidation has been around for several years. Therefore, this process has more than proved its usefulness, however, it is still being researched and optimized accordingly.

A powerful treatment process like the advanced oxidation process has many benefits, but it also has its share of disadvantages.

Here are just a few of the pros and cons of this particular process:

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Pros

• Rapid reaction rates

The OH molecule has some of the fastest reaction rates of all of the oxidants used to treat water and wastewater due to its high oxidation potentials and their non-selective nature. These quick reactions result in much lower retention times than other conventional treatment processes.

• Small footprint

Because of the oxidation power of the ⦁OH radical, Advanced oxidation process units do not require much land area to process the needed flow rate for the system.

• Theoretically, do not introduce new hazardous substances into water

One of the issues with chlorine disinfection is the highly toxic byproducts (DPB’s) that can result after treatment. To prevent these byproducts, an extra de-chlorination step is often required before anything else can be accomplished with the treated water. The ⦁OH molecule can combine to create water. The biggest issues would be with bromate formation and excess peroxide, but these can be dealt with in a well-designed advanced oxidation process system.

• Mineralization of organics

AOP can convert the organic materials within the water into stable inorganic compounds like water, carbon dioxide, and salts.

• Can treat nearly all organic materials and can remove some heavy metals

The highly reactive nature of ⦁OH means these molecules will attack almost any organic materials without discriminating, and therefore, can remove many different contaminants in one reactor vessel, including reducing a few heavy metals.

• Can work for disinfection

Especially when used with UV disinfection, the oxidation power of AOP systems make them capable of acting as a disinfection step for any pathogens that may be present in the water.

• No sludge production as with chemical or biological processes

An advanced oxidation process does not treat water and wastewater by transferring pollutants into another phase. Other treatment processes create solids like sludge that need to be filtered out and dealt with separately.

• Does not concentrate waste for further treatment

Treatment solutions such as membranes result in increased concentrations of the waste contaminants, since they merely separate clean water from the pollutant compounds. AOP meanwhile directly reacts with the pollutants and reduces them to harmless compounds. This process therefore, decreases their concentrations in the effluent.

Cons

• Relatively high capital and operating/maintenance costs

Perhaps the biggest drawback of the AOP process is its costs. The most significant are the operating and maintenance costs from the required energy and chemical reagents to operate the system.

• Complex chemistry tailored to specific contaminants

Advanced oxidation processes have several different variants. These variants need to be carefully selected to efficiently treat the water/wastewater in question. This process is also a dosage dependent process, so the appropriate amounts of ⦁OH molecules are formed to achieve the desired level of treatment. Such complex chemistry, will likely need highly skilled engineers to design the system correctly.

• Removal of residual peroxide may need to be considered

Advanced oxidation process systems utilizing hydrogen peroxide should be carefully controlled for residual H2O2 as it can have potential negative effects on later treatment steps. This residual hydrogen peroxide may be harmful to humans. However, careful design of the system can prevent excess residual H2O2 and any associated consequences.

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