Jun. 16, 2025
Agriculture
Cylindrical cells have a long history. Since the introduction of dry batteries, batteries have been cylindrical in appearance. The earliest cylindrical cell is the lithium battery invented by Japan’s SONY in .
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The market penetration rate is very high because the cylindrical lithium battery has a long history. Cylindrical cells adopt a fairly mature winding process with a high degree of automation, stable product quality, and relatively low cost.
However, with the development of the new energy industry and energy storage industry, battery types have gradually become more abundant. As a classic appearance type, the “cylindrical cell” has also evolved to a certain extent. , , , and other types are gradually derived in power batteries.
The cylindrical cell production process is mature and appears relatively strict. Therefore, to distinguish its specifications and ingredients, there is a mature naming method. Their naming convention is usually based on size, shape, chemical composition, and other properties.
The following are the key points of some common cylindrical cell naming rules:
1. Size identification
The size of a cylindrical cell is usually expressed by its diameter and length. For example, the battery has a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm, with 0 referring to the cylindrical type.
2. Chemical composition identification
A battery’s chemical composition may also be included in its name. For example, lithium-ion batteries are often labeled Li-ion.
3. Battery type identification
The battery type may also be reflected in the name, for example, Li-Polymer.
4. Manufacturer’s identification
The manufacturer’s information is also usually included in the battery model number to distinguish products from manufacturers. Batteries like Ufine Battery all have the “UFX” logo.
5. Capacity identification
The capacity of a battery is usually expressed in milliamp-hours (mAh) or ampere-hours (Ah), which indicates how long the battery can supply power at a certain current.
For example, a typical battery might have the following designation: “ Li-ion mAh”, which means it is a lithium-ion battery with a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm, with a capacity of mAh.
This is just an example of a general naming convention, and there may be some variations. When purchasing a battery, it is recommended to review the battery’s specification sheet and information provided by the manufacturer to ensure that the selected battery meets the specific application’s requirements.
The types of cylindrical lithium batteries are described in detail in these articles.
Everything You Need to Know About Cylindrical Batteries
6 Battery Cell Types Comparison
The following is a common cylindrical cell structure; see the image below for details:
Ordinary cylindrical lithium-ion batteries consist of a casing, a cap, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. Generally, the battery casing is the battery’s negative electrode, and the cap is the battery’s positive electrode. The battery casing is made of nickel-plated steel plate.
The important difference between power cylindrical batteries is the conductive connection structure of the battery. A special high-current structure design is required because the general application current of power lithium batteries is relatively large.
Cylindrical cells are generally covered with steel or aluminum shells, and have a stable structure and high energy density. Cylindrical lithium battery cells are generally used in power batteries, such as the typical battery cells carried in the Tesla Model 3, which once made popular in the battery cell market.
However, cylindrical cells are not the only advantages; their shortcomings are also obvious. For example, the space utilization issue is criticized a lot. In the case of modularization, the cylindrical shape will cause a large waste of space, which is far inferior to the soft electric cells and square battery cells that are more conducive to stacking.
Below, we roughly summarize some of the advantages and disadvantages of cylindrical cells so that everyone can understand their characteristics more intuitively.
1) Higher energy density
Cylindrical cells usually have relatively high energy density. This means they can provide relatively large amounts of electrical energy stored in a relatively small volume. Generally, the rated energy density of a single-cell cylindrical lithium battery is between 300 and 500Wh/kg, and its specific power can reach more than 100 W. The actual performance of such products varies depending on the product models and specifications.
2) Good heat dissipation performance
Due to its cylindrical shape, the cylindrical cell has a relatively large surface area, which helps dissipate heat. This is critical for battery performance stability under high load or high temperature conditions. Of course, there is still a gap in heat dissipation performance compared to soft batteries. Soft batteries have a larger specific heat area. However, the soft battery case is relatively soft and can easily break and leak.
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Suggested reading:3) Longer life
First, cylindrical cell designs often provide a long cycle life, especially in rechargeable batteries. Secondly, the cylindrical cell production process is mature, the PACK cost is low, the battery product yield is high, the heat dissipation performance is good, and the service life is improved.
4) High stability
First of all, cylindrical batteries are generally sealed batteries, and there is no maintenance problem during use; secondly, the battery casing generally has high voltage resistance, and there will be no phenomena such as swelling of square and soft-packaged batteries during use.
1) Low space utilization efficiency
The shape of the cylindrical cell may result in less efficient use of space inside the device, especially in some compact devices. Compared with square cells, cylindrical cells may leave more gaps when stacked, resulting in a waste of space.
2) Heavyweight
Compared with some other battery cell shapes, cylindrical cells may weigh more at the same capacity. This may not be suitable for some applications with high lightweight requirements. Especially for power batteries, it will increase the vehicle’s weight and affect the cruising range.
3) Poor plasticity
Compared with flexible cells, such as soft battery cells, cylindrical cells are relatively rigid in shape. Therefore, it may not be flexible under certain special design requirements. This poor plasticity makes the assembly method extremely fixed and lacks flexibility.
The cylindrical cell is currently the most standardized and oldest battery cell type among battery cell types. Cylindrical cells are currently experiencing rapid development. Almost every once in a while, new cylindrical cell models will be iterated and become mainstream.
Regarding the development trend of cylindrical cells, higher energy density, better safety performance, and the exploration of new materials have always been the three mainstream directions of its development. The development of these trends has promoted the widespread application of cylindrical lithium batteries in various fields and allowed them to remain competitive in the changing market. In the future, with further technological innovation and the evolution of market demand, cylindrical lithium batteries are expected to continue to usher in more new development opportunities.
The batteries come in 3 different shapes: cylindrical battery, square battery, lipo-battery. The cylindrical battery is the most common type of battery used worldwide. Cylindrical battery got its name from its cylindrical shapes. It's enclosed in a metal can with the positive terminal on the cap of the cell and the negative terminal at the other end of the cell. Due to its lower costs and faster production, cylindrical battery is preferred by most battery manufacturers.
The cylindrical shape of cylindrical battery aids in automated manufacturing. Its shape also helps to maintain mechanical stability and almost evenly distributes internal pressure enabling the cell to withstand increased internal pressure without distortion. Cylindrical shape also decreases the packaging density. When we try to combine the cylindrical battery into a pack, because of the cylindrical shape, the pack leaves small gaps between each battery that aids in the thermal management of the pack of cylindrical batteries. These gaps also allow the coolant to flow freely between the batteries.
A cylindrical battery is composed of thin sheet-like anode, cathodes, and separators in between them. To prepare a reliable cylindrical cell, firstly an electrode sheet is prepared by sintering the raw cathode and anode active material using a furnace. All the materials are milled into smaller-sized particles using a milling machine. A rolling press is used to roll the electrode and get the required thickness. After the preparation of the electrode sheet, it is sliced into strips using the slitting machine. The current collector and tab are welded together using the Ultrasonic Welding Machine. Strips of Anode, Cathode, and separator are winded into the cell core using the winding machine. The raw prepared cell is then dried using the vacuum oven. With the help of a deep spot welding machine, one tab from the cell is welded to the bottom of the closing end. The cell core is inserted and the other tab from the cell is welded to the cap. The case of the cylindrical battery is then filled with electrolytes and the cap is inserted and aligned to the open end. The opened end is sealed using the sealing machine. The cylindrical battery is then activated by charging and discharging using the battery analyzer. The metal case of the cylindrical battery is wrapped with heat-shrinkable PVC that keeps the positive and negative terminals isolated. At this stage, the cylindrical battery is ready to use.
Primarily, batteries come in three types for consumer use: lithium iron phosphate, lithium ternary, and lead-acid batteries.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries are known as LFP batteries. Lithium iron phosphate is used as a cathode material and a graphitic carbon electrode with metallic backing is used as the anode. These batteries are preferred because of their low cost and toxicity. They have a long life cycle too, with a cycle life of more than times, which makes them suitable for use in vehicles.
Lithium ternary batteries are lithium batteries that use lithium nickel cobalt manganese as the anode material. Nickel, cobalt and manganese salts act as the materials of precursor products of ternary composite anode. These batteries provide a very high voltage of 3.7v hence they have high specific energy and specific power. These batteries also charge fast and have low-temperature resistance.
Lead-acid batteries are the earliest rechargeable batteries. The energy density of lead-acid batteries is only one-third that of lithium-ion batteries, so it is heavy. In addition, its cycle life is also relatively short. Despite these batteries having low energy densities, they supply high surge currents. When the battery is fully charged lead stays at the negative terminal and lead oxide at the positive terminal. Once they are out of use, they can be recycled. But recycling lead can result in contamination.
battery is a type of lithium-ion cylindrical battery. The measurements of this cylindrical battery are 18mm x 65mm which also derives its name. These batteries offer a voltage of 3.2-3.7v and have the power of mAh and mAh. Ternary batteries can be recharged of times over and have long run times that made them a perfect fit to be used in flashlights, EV, and electronics.
battery is another type of lithium-ion cylindrical battery. They are named after their dimension to make it easy to identify their size and compatibility. These batteries have a 21mm diameter and 70mm length. These batteries are suitable for use in hybrid and electric vehicles. batteries have a diameter of 20mm and are 70mm in length. These are specialized cells and are bigger in size than batteries. These batteries are suitable for high-drain devices and electronics. They can be stored for 3 to 5 years and can be recharged between to times.
The main advantages of batteries are reflected in battery capacity, production cost and efficiency.The battery capacity is five times larger than the previous battery, which leads to an increase in mileage. The battery can be composed of only 950 cells, which means that the space utilization rate and the assembly efficiency is increased, and the cost is reduced. It also reduces the consumption of raw materials that do not provide energy density, such as diaphragm and steel shell to reduce the cost. In addition, there is a certain gap between cylinders, which has good heat dissipation performance, and there is no heat dissipation problem caused by square shell.
Out of all these types of cylindrical batteries, batteries are the most classic and common cylindrical batteries. It's hard to say which cylindrical battery is the best, because they all have the same excellent performance as lithium-ion batteries, but only according to different usage scenarios, the most suitable cylindrical battery is the best.
Compared to the pouch battery, the cylindrical battery is packed in a steel case that increases the overall weight of the battery that also makes the specific energy relatively low. The electrodes in cylindrical battery can either expand or contract to cause damage to the shape leading to an internal short circuit.
Cylindrical battery is the earliest industrialized lithium battery product. The cylindrical shape of these batteries aid in handling high internal pressures without changing the shape. These batteries have better temperature control and are less in cost than their competitors.
Solid-state batteries have a solid electrolyte instead of a gel electrolyte as in lithium-ion batteries. Ceramics such as oxides, sulphides, and phosphates are used as solid electrodes. These batteries are available in cylindrical shapes. The solid-state electrolyte sets in a concave-convex manner inside the cylindrical barrel. The insulating fluid fills up the spaces between the cylindrical barrel.
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